LSP - Liskov Substitution Principle
Apr. 10th, 2007 02:22 pm![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
juan_gandhiYear 1999 Definition: "Let q(x) be a property provable about objects x of type T. Then q(y) should be true for objects y of type S where S is a subtype of T."
Original definition looked like this: if for each object o of class S there is an object o1 of class T such that in any program expressed in terms of T o1 can be replaced with o without altering the behavior, then S is a subtype of T.
Which means, you cannot put additional restrictions on a subclass. That is, in programming, a square is not a rectangle - but a parallelepiped is, which is, of course against all our intuition.
How come?
The problem is that in programs objects may change. If they were not, we could safely substitute, in any formula involving a parallelepiped, a parallelepiped P with a cube C, and it will still be valid. If the object does not change, its timeline can be reduced to a point. But for things that change, things change.
Say, we have a parallelepiped that is being deformed; at one moment it can become a cube, but there's no quaranty it will remain one forever. In programming terms, a piece of code may change the length of the parallelepiped, and expect that other dimensions remain the same.
Following this principle, a Timestamp is Java is a subclass of Date, and SortedSet is a subinterface of Set - they add new structure but do not (vaguely speaking) add any new restrictions.
Original definition looked like this: if for each object o of class S there is an object o1 of class T such that in any program expressed in terms of T o1 can be replaced with o without altering the behavior, then S is a subtype of T.
Which means, you cannot put additional restrictions on a subclass. That is, in programming, a square is not a rectangle - but a parallelepiped is, which is, of course against all our intuition.
How come?
The problem is that in programs objects may change. If they were not, we could safely substitute, in any formula involving a parallelepiped, a parallelepiped P with a cube C, and it will still be valid. If the object does not change, its timeline can be reduced to a point. But for things that change, things change.
Say, we have a parallelepiped that is being deformed; at one moment it can become a cube, but there's no quaranty it will remain one forever. In programming terms, a piece of code may change the length of the parallelepiped, and expect that other dimensions remain the same.
Following this principle, a Timestamp is Java is a subclass of Date, and SortedSet is a subinterface of Set - they add new structure but do not (vaguely speaking) add any new restrictions.
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no subject
Date: 2007-04-11 04:42 pm (UTC)Данные цитаты, вообще-то, говорят о подтипах, а не подклассах. Разумеется, это в общем случае разные иерархии. Квадрат может быть реализован как подкласс прямоугольника, но его подтипом являться не будет.
no subject
Date: 2007-04-12 01:49 am (UTC)